Skill

sign-multichain-solana-transaction

Name: sign-multichain-solana-transaction
Author: MetaMask

sign and send Solana transactions

Published by MetaMask Updated Jul 13

Covers Blockchain Web3 Solana API Development

Description

Sign and send Solana transactions using the multichain client's invokeMethod. Covers signTransaction, signAndSendTransaction, signMessage, building transactions with @solana/web3.js, base64 encoding, mainnet/devnet scopes, and selective disconnect.

SKILL.md

Sign Solana Transactions via Multichain Client

When to use

Use this skill when:

Signing or sending Solana transactions through invokeMethod on a multichain client
Building Solana transactions with @solana/web3.js and encoding them for the multichain API
Signing Solana messages through the multichain client
Selecting the correct Solana CAIP-2 scope (mainnet, devnet)
Disconnecting only Solana scopes while keeping EVM sessions active

Workflow

Step 1: Connect with Solana scopes

import { createMultichainClient, getInfuraRpcUrls } from '@metamask/connect-multichain';

const client = await createMultichainClient({
  dapp: { name: 'My DApp', url: window.location.href },
  api: {
    supportedNetworks: {
      ...getInfuraRpcUrls({ infuraApiKey: 'YOUR_INFURA_KEY', caipChainIds: ['eip155:1', 'solana:5eykt4UsFv8P8NJdTREpY1vzqKqZKvdp'] }),
    },
  },
});

await client.connect(
  [
    'eip155:1',
    'solana:5eykt4UsFv8P8NJdTREpY1vzqKqZKvdp', // mainnet
  ],
  [],
); // resolves with no value — read session via client.provider.getSession()

Solana CAIP-2 scope identifiers:

Network	CAIP-2 Scope
Mainnet	`solana:5eykt4UsFv8P8NJdTREpY1vzqKqZKvdp`
Devnet	`solana:EtWTRABZaYq6iMfeYKouRu166VU2xqa1`
Testnet	`solana:4uhcVJyU9pJkvQyS88uRDiswHXSCkY3z`

All three Solana scopes are modeled by the SDK; non-mainnet availability depends on the connected MetaMask build/version, so handle connection errors rather than assuming a cluster is present.

Step 2: Understand Solana RPC routing

All Solana methods route through the wallet. Unlike EVM where read calls go to an RPC node, every Solana invokeMethod call is handled by MetaMask. There is no RPC node fallback for Solana.

Step 3: Sign a message (signMessage)

Method names have no solana_ prefix. The message must be base64 encoded, and the signing account is passed as account: { address }.

const message = btoa('Hello from Solana via MetaMask!');

const result = await client.invokeMethod({
  scope: 'solana:5eykt4UsFv8P8NJdTREpY1vzqKqZKvdp',
  request: {
    method: 'signMessage',
    params: {
      account: { address: 'YourSolanaAddressBase58' },
      message,
    },
  },
});

// result: { signature: <base58 string>, signedMessage: <base64>, signatureType: 'ed25519' }
console.log('Signature:', result.signature);

Step 4: Build a Solana transaction with @solana/web3.js

Build the transaction using @solana/web3.js, serialize it, then base64-encode for invokeMethod.

import {
  Connection,
  PublicKey,
  SystemProgram,
  Transaction,
  clusterApiUrl,
} from '@solana/web3.js';

const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl('mainnet-beta'));
const fromPubkey = new PublicKey('YourSolanaPublicKey');
const toPubkey = new PublicKey('RecipientSolanaPublicKey');

const transaction = new Transaction().add(
  SystemProgram.transfer({
    fromPubkey,
    toPubkey,
    lamports: 1_000_000, // 0.001 SOL
  }),
);

transaction.recentBlockhash = (await connection.getLatestBlockhash()).blockhash;
transaction.feePayer = fromPubkey;

const serialized = transaction.serialize({
  requireAllSignatures: false,
  verifySignatures: false,
});
const base64Transaction = Buffer.from(serialized).toString('base64');

Step 5: Sign a transaction (signTransaction)

Returns the signed transaction without broadcasting it.

const SOLANA_MAINNET = 'solana:5eykt4UsFv8P8NJdTREpY1vzqKqZKvdp';

const signResult = await client.invokeMethod({
  scope: SOLANA_MAINNET,
  request: {
    method: 'signTransaction',
    params: {
      account: { address: 'YourSolanaAddressBase58' },
      transaction: base64Transaction,
      scope: SOLANA_MAINNET,
    },
  },
});

// The result field is `signedTransaction` (base64), not `transaction`
console.log('Signed transaction:', signResult.signedTransaction);

You can then broadcast the signed transaction yourself:

const signedBuffer = Buffer.from(signResult.signedTransaction, 'base64');
const txId = await connection.sendRawTransaction(signedBuffer);
console.log('Transaction ID:', txId);

Step 6: Sign and send a transaction (signAndSendTransaction)

Signs and broadcasts the transaction in one step.

const sendResult = await client.invokeMethod({
  scope: SOLANA_MAINNET,
  request: {
    method: 'signAndSendTransaction',
    params: {
      account: { address: 'YourSolanaAddressBase58' },
      transaction: base64Transaction,
      scope: SOLANA_MAINNET,
    },
  },
});

// sendResult: { signature: <base58 transaction signature> }
console.log('Transaction signature:', sendResult.signature);

Step 7: Devnet transactions

Connect with the devnet scope and point @solana/web3.js at the devnet cluster:

const SOLANA_DEVNET = 'solana:EtWTRABZaYq6iMfeYKouRu166VU2xqa1';

await client.connect([SOLANA_DEVNET], []);

const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl('devnet'));

// Build transaction with devnet connection...
const base64Tx = buildAndSerializeTransaction(connection);

const result = await client.invokeMethod({
  scope: SOLANA_DEVNET,
  request: {
    method: 'signAndSendTransaction',
    params: {
      account: { address: 'YourSolanaAddressBase58' },
      transaction: base64Tx,
      scope: SOLANA_DEVNET,
    },
  },
});

Step 8: Selective disconnect

Disconnect only Solana scopes while keeping EVM sessions active:

// Disconnect only Solana mainnet — EVM scopes remain connected
await client.disconnect(['solana:5eykt4UsFv8P8NJdTREpY1vzqKqZKvdp']);

// Disconnect all scopes (full session teardown)
await client.disconnect();

Step 9: Error handling

invokeMethod errors are wrapped in RPCInvokeMethodErr — its own code is always 53, and the wallet's original EIP-1193 / JSON-RPC code (e.g. 4001 user rejection) is on rpcCode:

import { RPCInvokeMethodErr } from '@metamask/connect-multichain';

try {
  await client.invokeMethod({
    scope: SOLANA_MAINNET,
    request: {
      method: 'signAndSendTransaction',
      params: {
        account: { address: 'YourSolanaAddressBase58' },
        transaction: base64Tx,
        scope: SOLANA_MAINNET,
      },
    },
  });
} catch (err) {
  if (err instanceof RPCInvokeMethodErr && err.rpcCode === 4001) {
    // User rejected the transaction in MetaMask — not an app error
  } else {
    console.error('Solana transaction error:', err);
  }
}

Important Notes

All Solana methods go to the wallet. There is no RPC node routing for Solana — every invokeMethod call with a Solana scope prompts MetaMask.
Base64 encoding required. Transactions and messages must be base64-encoded strings, not raw buffers or hex.
Use @solana/web3.js to build transactions. Construct Transaction objects, set recentBlockhash and feePayer, serialize with requireAllSignatures: false, then base64-encode.
CAIP-2 genesis hash IDs. Mainnet is solana:5eykt4UsFv8P8NJdTREpY1vzqKqZKvdp. Devnet is solana:EtWTRABZaYq6iMfeYKouRu166VU2xqa1. These are not cluster URLs — they are genesis hash identifiers.
Solana networks. Mainnet, devnet, and testnet scopes are all modeled by the SDK; non-mainnet availability depends on the connected MetaMask build/version, so handle connection errors rather than assuming a cluster is present.
Selective disconnect preserves other scopes. Passing specific Solana scopes to disconnect() only revokes those scopes. EVM scopes remain active.
Connected scopes required. invokeMethod fails if the Solana scope was not included in the original connect() call.
Method names have no solana_ prefix. The MetaMask Multichain API methods are signMessage, signTransaction, and signAndSendTransaction, each taking account: { address } in params. (solana_*-prefixed names are WalletConnect's schema, not MetaMask's.)
signTransaction vs signAndSendTransaction: Use signTransaction when you need to inspect or modify the signed output before broadcasting (result field: signedTransaction, base64). Use signAndSendTransaction for the common case where you want a single atomic operation (result field: signature, base58).

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