Skill

terraform-search-import

Name: terraform-search-import
Author: HashiCorp

import existing cloud resources into Terraform

Published by HashiCorp Updated Apr 6

Covers Audit Migration Terraform Cloud Infrastructure as Code

Description

Discover existing cloud resources using Terraform Search queries and bulk import them into Terraform management. Use when bringing unmanaged infrastructure under Terraform control, auditing cloud resources, or migrating to IaC.

SKILL.md

Terraform Search and Bulk Import

Discover existing cloud resources using declarative queries and generate configuration for bulk import into Terraform state.

References:

When to Use

Bringing unmanaged resources under Terraform control
Auditing existing cloud infrastructure
Migrating from manual provisioning to IaC
Discovering resources across multiple regions/accounts

IMPORTANT: Check Provider Support First

BEFORE starting, you MUST verify the target resource type is supported:

# Check what list resources are available
./scripts/list_resources.sh aws      # Specific provider
./scripts/list_resources.sh          # All configured providers

Decision Tree

Identify target resource type (e.g., aws_s3_bucket, aws_instance)
Check if supported: Run ./scripts/list_resources.sh <provider>
Choose workflow:
- ** If supported**: Check for terraform version available.
- ** If terraform version is above 1.14.0** Use Terraform Search workflow (below)
- ** If not supported or terraform version is below 1.14.0 **: Use Manual Discovery workflow (see references/MANUAL-IMPORT.md)
Note: The list of supported resources is rapidly expanding. Always verify current support before using manual import.

Prerequisites

Before writing queries, verify the provider supports list resources for your target resource type.

Discover Available List Resources

Run the helper script to extract supported list resources from your provider:

# From a directory with provider configuration (runs terraform init if needed)
./scripts/list_resources.sh aws      # Specific provider
./scripts/list_resources.sh          # All configured providers

Or manually query the provider schema:

terraform providers schema -json | jq '.provider_schemas | to_entries | map({key: (.key | split("/")[-1]), value: (.value.list_resource_schemas // {} | keys)})'

Terraform Search requires an initialized working directory. Ensure you have a configuration with the required provider before running queries:

# terraform.tf
terraform {
  required_providers {
    aws = {
      source  = "hashicorp/aws"
      version = "~> 6.0"
    }
  }
}

Run terraform init to download the provider, then proceed with queries.

Terraform Search Workflow (Supported Resources Only)

Create .tfquery.hcl files with list blocks defining search queries
Run terraform query to discover matching resources
Generate configuration with -generate-config-out=<file>
Review and refine generated resource and import blocks
Run terraform plan and terraform apply to import

Query File Structure

Query files use .tfquery.hcl extension and support:

provider blocks for authentication
list blocks for resource discovery
variable and locals blocks for parameterization

# discovery.tfquery.hcl
provider "aws" {
  region = "us-west-2"
}

list "aws_instance" "all" {
  provider = aws
}

List Block Syntax

list "<list_type>" "<symbolic_name>" {
  provider = <provider_reference>  # Required

  # Optional: filter configuration (provider-specific)
  # The `config` block schema is provider-specific. Discover available options using `terraform providers schema -json | jq '.provider_schemas."registry.terraform.io/hashicorp/<provider>".list_resource_schemas."<resource_type>"'`

  config {
    filter {
      name   = "<filter_name>"
      values = ["<value1>", "<value2>"]
    }
    region = "<region>"  # AWS-specific
  }
  # Optional: limit results
  limit = 100
}

Supported List Resources

Provider support for list resources varies by version. Always check what's available for your specific provider version using the discovery script.

Query Examples

Basic Discovery

# Find all EC2 instances in configured region
list "aws_instance" "all" {
  provider = aws
}

Filtered Discovery

# Find instances by tag
list "aws_instance" "production" {
  provider = aws

  config {
    filter {
      name   = "tag:Environment"
      values = ["production"]
    }
  }
}

# Find instances by type
list "aws_instance" "large" {
  provider = aws

  config {
    filter {
      name   = "instance-type"
      values = ["t3.large", "t3.xlarge"]
    }
  }
}

Multi-Region Discovery

provider "aws" {
  region = "us-west-2"
}

locals {
  regions = ["us-west-2", "us-east-1", "eu-west-1"]
}

list "aws_instance" "all_regions" {
  for_each = toset(local.regions)
  provider = aws

  config {
    region = each.value
  }
}

Parameterized Queries

variable "target_environment" {
  type    = string
  default = "staging"
}

list "aws_instance" "by_env" {
  provider = aws

  config {
    filter {
      name   = "tag:Environment"
      values = [var.target_environment]
    }
  }
}

Running Queries

# Execute queries and display results
terraform query

# Generate configuration file
terraform query -generate-config-out=imported.tf

# Pass variables
terraform query -var='target_environment=production'

Query Output Format

list.aws_instance.all   account_id=123456789012,id=i-0abc123,region=us-west-2   web-server

Columns: <query_address> <identity_attributes> <name_tag>

Generated Configuration

The -generate-config-out flag creates:

# __generated__ by Terraform
resource "aws_instance" "all_0" {
  ami           = "ami-0c55b159cbfafe1f0"
  instance_type = "t2.micro"
  # ... all attributes
}

import {
  to       = aws_instance.all_0
  provider = aws
  identity = {
    account_id = "123456789012"
    id         = "i-0abc123"
    region     = "us-west-2"
  }
}

Post-Generation Cleanup

Generated configuration includes all attributes. Clean up by:

Remove computed/read-only attributes
Replace hardcoded values with variables
Add proper resource naming
Organize into appropriate files

# Before: generated
resource "aws_instance" "all_0" {
  ami                    = "ami-0c55b159cbfafe1f0"
  instance_type          = "t2.micro"
  arn                    = "arn:aws:ec2:..."  # Remove - computed
  id                     = "i-0abc123"        # Remove - computed
  # ... many more attributes
}

# After: cleaned
resource "aws_instance" "web_server" {
  ami           = var.ami_id
  instance_type = var.instance_type
  subnet_id     = var.subnet_id

  tags = {
    Name        = "web-server"
    Environment = var.environment
  }
}

Import by Identity

Generated imports use identity-based import (Terraform 1.12+):

import {
  to       = aws_instance.web
  provider = aws
  identity = {
    account_id = "123456789012"
    id         = "i-0abc123"
    region     = "us-west-2"
  }
}

Best Practices

Query Design

Start broad, then add filters to narrow results
Use limit to prevent overwhelming output
Test queries before generating configuration

Configuration Management

Review all generated code before applying
Remove unnecessary default values
Use consistent naming conventions
Add proper variable abstraction

Troubleshooting

Issue	Solution
"No list resources found"	Check provider version supports list resources
Query returns empty	Verify region and filter values
Generated config has errors	Remove computed attributes, fix deprecated arguments
Import fails	Ensure resource not already in state

Complete Example

# main.tf - Initialize provider
terraform {
  required_version = ">= 1.14"
  required_providers {
    aws = {
      source  = "hashicorp/aws"
      version = "~> 6.0"  # Always use latest version
    }
  }
}

# discovery.tfquery.hcl - Define queries
provider "aws" {
  region = "us-west-2"
}

list "aws_instance" "team_instances" {
  provider = aws

  config {
    filter {
      name   = "tag:Owner"
      values = ["platform"]
    }
    filter {
      name   = "instance-state-name"
      values = ["running"]
    }
  }

  limit = 50
}

# Execute workflow
terraform init
terraform query
terraform query -generate-config-out=generated.tf
# Review and clean generated.tf
terraform plan
terraform apply

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