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Use @convex-dev\u002Fworkflow — do NOT hand-roll a chain of scheduler calls or a custom jobs table. TRIGGER on multi-step \u002F pipeline \u002F 'retry each step' \u002F long-running orchestration requests.\"\nlicense: \"Apache-2.0\"\n---\n\n# Durable multi-step workflows → `@convex-dev\u002Fworkflow`\n\nWhen the task is \"do step A, then B, then C, and retry each step independently if it fails\" — a pipeline, ETL, or orchestration that must survive crashes — use the **workflow component**. Do NOT hand-roll it with a `jobs` table + chained `ctx.scheduler.runAfter` calls: that reinvents durability, loses per-step retry\u002Fbackoff, and (measured) scores *worse* than a plain implementation. Copy this pattern.\n\n## Wire the component\n\n```ts\n\u002F\u002F convex\u002Fconvex.config.ts\nimport { defineApp } from \"convex\u002Fserver\";\nimport workflow from \"@convex-dev\u002Fworkflow\u002Fconvex.config\";\nconst app = defineApp();\napp.use(workflow);\nexport default app;\n```\n\n## Define the workflow — one `step.run*` call per stage, retried independently\n\n```ts\n\u002F\u002F convex\u002Fworkflows.ts\nimport { WorkflowManager } from \"@convex-dev\u002Fworkflow\";\nimport { components, internal } from \".\u002F_generated\u002Fapi\";\nimport { v } from \"convex\u002Fvalues\";\n\nexport const workflow = new WorkflowManager(components.workflow, {\n  \u002F\u002F Per-step default: retry each failed step independently with backoff.\n  defaultRetryBehavior: { maxAttempts: 4, initialBackoffMs: 1000, base: 2 },\n  retryActionsByDefault: true,\n});\n\nexport const transcribeAndSummarize = workflow.define({\n  args: { url: v.string(), userEmail: v.string() },\n  handler: async (step, args): Promise\u003Cvoid> => {\n    \u002F\u002F Each step.runAction is durable + independently retried. If summarize fails\n    \u002F\u002F 3× then succeeds, transcribe is NOT re-run — completed steps are memoized.\n    const transcript = await step.runAction(internal.youtube.transcribe, { url: args.url });\n    const summary = await step.runAction(internal.llm.summarize, { transcript });\n    await step.runAction(internal.email.sendSummary, { to: args.userEmail, summary });\n  },\n});\n```\n\n- **The handler's first arg is `step`, not `ctx`.** Call `step.runAction` \u002F `step.runMutation` \u002F `step.runQuery` with a codegen'd `internal.*` reference — never `ctx.run*` inside a workflow (that breaks durability\u002Fmemoization).\n- **Each `step.run*` is a durable checkpoint.** On crash or retry, completed steps are replayed from their stored result, not re-executed — so steps must target `internalAction`\u002F`internalMutation`s that do the real work.\n- **Override retry per step** when one stage is flakier: `step.runAction(ref, args, { retry: { maxAttempts: 6, initialBackoffMs: 500, base: 2 } })`. Set `{ retry: false }` for a step that must not repeat (already-idempotent external charge).\n- The actual work (the YouTube fetch, the LLM call, the email send) lives in ordinary `internalAction`s — external APIs go in actions (see `convex-external-apis`), email via `@convex-dev\u002Fresend` (see `crons`).\n\n## Start it (and optionally track status)\n\n```ts\n\u002F\u002F from a public mutation\u002Faction the client calls:\nconst workflowId = await workflow.start(\n  ctx,\n  internal.workflows.transcribeAndSummarize,\n  { url, userEmail },\n);\n\u002F\u002F status later: await workflow.status(ctx, workflowId)  → cleanup: workflow.cleanup(ctx, workflowId)\n```\n\n## Don't\n- ❌ A custom `jobs`\u002F`pipeline` table + `ctx.scheduler.runAfter` chain to fake retries\u002Fordering — that's what the component exists to replace.\n- ❌ `ctx.runAction` inside the workflow handler — use `step.runAction` or you lose durability.\n- ❌ Long synchronous work in one action to dodge steps — you lose independent retry and the 10-min action ceiling still applies per step.\n",{"data":36,"body":37},{"name":4,"description":6,"license":27},{"type":38,"children":39},"root",[40,56,94,101,296,310,1176,1339,1345,1484,1490,1544],{"type":41,"tag":42,"props":43,"children":45},"element","h1",{"id":44},"durable-multi-step-workflows-convex-devworkflow",[46,49],{"type":47,"value":48},"text","Durable multi-step workflows → ",{"type":41,"tag":50,"props":51,"children":53},"code",{"className":52},[],[54],{"type":47,"value":55},"@convex-dev\u002Fworkflow",{"type":41,"tag":57,"props":58,"children":59},"p",{},[60,62,68,70,76,78,84,86,92],{"type":47,"value":61},"When the task is \"do step A, then B, then C, and retry each step independently if it fails\" — a pipeline, ETL, or orchestration that must survive crashes — use the ",{"type":41,"tag":63,"props":64,"children":65},"strong",{},[66],{"type":47,"value":67},"workflow component",{"type":47,"value":69},". 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workflowId)\n",{"type":41,"tag":95,"props":1485,"children":1487},{"id":1486},"dont",[1488],{"type":47,"value":1489},"Don't",{"type":41,"tag":1177,"props":1491,"children":1492},{},[1493,1519,1539],{"type":41,"tag":1181,"props":1494,"children":1495},{},[1496,1498,1503,1504,1510,1512,1517],{"type":47,"value":1497},"❌ A custom ",{"type":41,"tag":50,"props":1499,"children":1501},{"className":1500},[],[1502],{"type":47,"value":75},{"type":47,"value":1268},{"type":41,"tag":50,"props":1505,"children":1507},{"className":1506},[],[1508],{"type":47,"value":1509},"pipeline",{"type":47,"value":1511}," table + ",{"type":41,"tag":50,"props":1513,"children":1515},{"className":1514},[],[1516],{"type":47,"value":83},{"type":47,"value":1518}," chain to fake retries\u002Fordering — that's what the component exists to replace.",{"type":41,"tag":1181,"props":1520,"children":1521},{},[1522,1524,1530,1532,1537],{"type":47,"value":1523},"❌ ",{"type":41,"tag":50,"props":1525,"children":1527},{"className":1526},[],[1528],{"type":47,"value":1529},"ctx.runAction",{"type":47,"value":1531}," inside the workflow handler — use ",{"type":41,"tag":50,"props":1533,"children":1535},{"className":1534},[],[1536],{"type":47,"value":1210},{"type":47,"value":1538}," or you lose durability.",{"type":41,"tag":1181,"props":1540,"children":1541},{},[1542],{"type":47,"value":1543},"❌ Long synchronous work in one action to dodge steps — you lose independent retry and the 10-min action ceiling still applies per step.",{"type":41,"tag":1545,"props":1546,"children":1547},"style",{},[1548],{"type":47,"value":1549},"html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: 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var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"items":1551,"total":1056},[1552,1566,1585,1601,1618,1632,1647],{"slug":1553,"name":1553,"fn":1554,"description":1555,"org":1556,"tags":1557,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1565},"add","add capabilities to Convex applications","Add a capability to the CURRENT Convex + Next.js project — consults the served Convex capability catalog for always-current procedures (billing, crons, auth, agent, search, …); falls back to built-in hosting or @convex-dev component search. TRIGGER when the user runs $add, or asks to add hosting\u002Fpublishing or any backend capability to an existing Convex app.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1558,1561,1562],{"name":1559,"slug":1560,"type":14},"Backend","backend",{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1563,"slug":1564,"type":14},"Next.js","next-js","2026-07-12T07:59:59.358004",{"slug":1567,"name":1567,"fn":1568,"description":1569,"org":1570,"tags":1571,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1584},"agent","build AI agents with Convex","Build an AI agent \u002F RAG feature on Convex (@convex-dev\u002Fagent: threads, tools, vector search). TRIGGER on an AI-agent\u002Fchatbot\u002FRAG request.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1572,1575,1578,1581],{"name":1573,"slug":1574,"type":14},"Agents","agents",{"name":1576,"slug":1577,"type":14},"Engineering","engineering",{"name":1579,"slug":1580,"type":14},"RAG","rag",{"name":1582,"slug":1583,"type":14},"Search","search","2026-07-12T08:00:01.921824",{"slug":1586,"name":1586,"fn":1587,"description":1588,"org":1589,"tags":1590,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1600},"auth","add authentication to Convex applications","Add sign-in (passkeys by default, OAuth\u002Fpassword optional) to the current Convex app, wired correctly incl. auth.config.ts. TRIGGER on a login\u002Fauth request for an existing app.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1591,1593,1596,1597],{"name":1592,"slug":1586,"type":14},"Auth",{"name":1594,"slug":1595,"type":14},"Authentication","authentication",{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1598,"slug":1599,"type":14},"OAuth","oauth","2026-07-18T05:12:54.443056",{"slug":1602,"name":1602,"fn":1603,"description":1604,"org":1605,"tags":1606,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1617},"billing","integrate Stripe billing in Convex apps","Add Stripe billing to a Convex app via @convex-dev\u002Fstripe (checkout + auto-verified webhook + subscription gating). TRIGGER on a payments\u002Fbilling\u002Fsubscription request.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1607,1608,1611,1614],{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1609,"slug":1610,"type":14},"Payments","payments",{"name":1612,"slug":1613,"type":14},"Stripe","stripe",{"name":1615,"slug":1616,"type":14},"Webhooks","webhooks","2026-07-12T08:00:08.123246",{"slug":1619,"name":1619,"fn":1620,"description":1621,"org":1622,"tags":1623,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1631},"check-updates","upgrade Convex component versions","Check the CURRENT Convex app's pinned components against the latest recommended versions and offer to upgrade them — e.g. the passkey auth component's new email-first sign-in. TRIGGER when the user runs \u002Fcheck-updates or $check-updates, asks 'are my components up to date', 'any updates', 'upgrade auth', 'upgrade my components', or wants the newest features after a quickstart. 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TRIGGER on 'secure my app', 'audit auth', 'add login', 'who can access this data', or an explicit 'audit my authz'. NOT always-on. SKIP when there is no convex\u002F directory.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1638,1639,1642,1643],{"name":1592,"slug":1586,"type":14},{"name":1640,"slug":1641,"type":14},"Code Analysis","code-analysis",{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1644,"slug":1645,"type":14},"Security","security","2026-07-12T08:00:04.516752",{"slug":1648,"name":1648,"fn":1649,"description":1650,"org":1651,"tags":1652,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1661},"convex-expert","develop Convex backend applications","Convex backend rules — consult this whenever writing or editing any code inside a convex\u002F directory (schemas, queries, mutations, actions, HTTP endpoints, crons, file storage, auth, component installation). TRIGGER before touching convex\u002F functions, so the code uses the object-form syntax, validators, indexes, and component patterns that generic models get wrong.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1653,1654,1655,1658],{"name":1559,"slug":1560,"type":14},{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1656,"slug":1657,"type":14},"Database","database",{"name":1659,"slug":1660,"type":14},"TypeScript","typescript","2026-07-18T05:12:50.448833",{"items":1663,"total":1792},[1664,1675,1690,1705,1722,1739,1752,1758,1765,1772,1779,1785],{"slug":8,"name":8,"fn":1665,"description":1666,"org":1667,"tags":1668,"stars":1672,"repoUrl":1673,"updatedAt":1674},"guide Convex project setup and usage","Routes general Convex requests to the right project skill. Use when the user asks which Convex skill to use or gives an underspecified Convex app task.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1669,1670,1671],{"name":1559,"slug":1560,"type":14},{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1656,"slug":1657,"type":14},34,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fget-convex\u002Fagent-skills","2026-07-12T08:00:45.091281",{"slug":1676,"name":1676,"fn":1677,"description":1678,"org":1679,"tags":1680,"stars":1672,"repoUrl":1673,"updatedAt":1689},"convex-create-component","build reusable Convex components","Builds reusable Convex components with isolated tables and app-facing APIs. Use for new components, reusable backend modules, integrations, or component boundary work.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1681,1684,1687,1688],{"name":1682,"slug":1683,"type":14},"API Development","api-development",{"name":1685,"slug":1686,"type":14},"Architecture","architecture",{"name":1559,"slug":1560,"type":14},{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},"2026-07-12T08:00:39.428577",{"slug":1691,"name":1691,"fn":1692,"description":1693,"org":1694,"tags":1695,"stars":1672,"repoUrl":1673,"updatedAt":1704},"convex-migration-helper","plan Convex schema and data migrations","Plans Convex schema and data migrations with widen-migrate-narrow and @convex-dev\u002Fmigrations. Use for breaking schema changes, backfills, table reshaping, or zero-downtime rollouts.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1696,1697,1698,1701],{"name":1559,"slug":1560,"type":14},{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1699,"slug":1700,"type":14},"Data Engineering","data-engineering",{"name":1702,"slug":1703,"type":14},"Migration","migration","2026-07-12T08:00:51.27967",{"slug":1706,"name":1706,"fn":1707,"description":1708,"org":1709,"tags":1710,"stars":1672,"repoUrl":1673,"updatedAt":1721},"convex-performance-audit","audit Convex application performance","Audits Convex performance for reads, subscriptions, write contention, and function limits. Use for slow features, insights findings, OCC conflicts, or read amplification.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1711,1712,1715,1718],{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1713,"slug":1714,"type":14},"Debugging","debugging",{"name":1716,"slug":1717,"type":14},"Monitoring","monitoring",{"name":1719,"slug":1720,"type":14},"Performance","performance","2026-07-12T08:00:50.02928",{"slug":1723,"name":1723,"fn":1724,"description":1725,"org":1726,"tags":1727,"stars":1672,"repoUrl":1673,"updatedAt":1738},"convex-quickstart","initialize Convex in applications","Creates or adds Convex to an app. Use for new Convex projects, npm create convex@latest, frontend setup, env vars, or the first npx convex dev run.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1728,1731,1732,1735],{"name":1729,"slug":1730,"type":14},"CLI","cli",{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1733,"slug":1734,"type":14},"Frontend","frontend",{"name":1736,"slug":1737,"type":14},"Onboarding","onboarding","2026-07-12T08:00:43.436152",{"slug":1740,"name":1740,"fn":1741,"description":1742,"org":1743,"tags":1744,"stars":1672,"repoUrl":1673,"updatedAt":1751},"convex-setup-auth","set up authentication and access control","Sets up Convex auth, identity mapping, and access control. Use for login, auth providers, users tables, protected functions, or roles in a Convex app.",{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1745,1748,1749,1750],{"name":1746,"slug":1747,"type":14},"Access Control","access-control",{"name":1592,"slug":1586,"type":14},{"name":1559,"slug":1560,"type":14},{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},"2026-07-12T08:00:48.652641",{"slug":1553,"name":1553,"fn":1554,"description":1555,"org":1753,"tags":1754,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1565},{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1755,1756,1757],{"name":1559,"slug":1560,"type":14},{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1563,"slug":1564,"type":14},{"slug":1567,"name":1567,"fn":1568,"description":1569,"org":1759,"tags":1760,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1584},{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1761,1762,1763,1764],{"name":1573,"slug":1574,"type":14},{"name":1576,"slug":1577,"type":14},{"name":1579,"slug":1580,"type":14},{"name":1582,"slug":1583,"type":14},{"slug":1586,"name":1586,"fn":1587,"description":1588,"org":1766,"tags":1767,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1600},{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1768,1769,1770,1771],{"name":1592,"slug":1586,"type":14},{"name":1594,"slug":1595,"type":14},{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1598,"slug":1599,"type":14},{"slug":1602,"name":1602,"fn":1603,"description":1604,"org":1773,"tags":1774,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1617},{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1775,1776,1777,1778],{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1609,"slug":1610,"type":14},{"name":1612,"slug":1613,"type":14},{"name":1615,"slug":1616,"type":14},{"slug":1619,"name":1619,"fn":1620,"description":1621,"org":1780,"tags":1781,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1631},{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1782,1783,1784],{"name":1625,"slug":1626,"type":14},{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1629,"slug":1630,"type":14},{"slug":1633,"name":1633,"fn":1634,"description":1635,"org":1786,"tags":1787,"stars":24,"repoUrl":25,"updatedAt":1646},{"slug":8,"name":9,"logoUrl":10,"githubOrg":11},[1788,1789,1790,1791],{"name":1592,"slug":1586,"type":14},{"name":1640,"slug":1641,"type":14},{"name":9,"slug":8,"type":14},{"name":1644,"slug":1645,"type":14},26]